This paper measures the prevalence, value, and distribution of certain fringe benefits that are currently excluded from Social Security’s Old Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) contribution base, including employer-sponsored health insurance (ESI) and employer contributions to health savings accounts, medical savings accounts, and dependent care benefits…
To improve low-income households’ economic well-being, the social safety net provides both cash assistance and additional resources to support a better lifestyle – safer housing, more education or training, or healthy but expensive fresh fruits, vegetables, and meats. The health and employment benefits of three programs passed in the 1960s and 1970s – food stamps,…